【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforTearResistance(GravesTear)ofPlasticFilmandSheeting
【原文标准名称】:塑料薄膜和薄板的抗撕裂强度的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD1004-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.19
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Graves;plasticfilm;tear;tearinitiation;thinsheeting;Gravestear;Plasticsheetandfilm--tearresistance;Tearresistance;Thinsheeting
【摘要】:Tearresistanceofplasticfilmorsheetingisacomplexfunctionofitsultimateresistancetorupture.Thespecimengeometryandspeedoftestinginthistestmethodarecontrolledtoproducetearinginasmallareaofstressconcentrationatratesfarbelowthoseusuallyencounteredinservice.Experiencehasshownthetesttohaveitsbestreliabilityformaterialswhichdonothavebrittlefailureordonotelongategreaterthantwohundredpercentduringtesting.Thedatafromthistestmethodfurnishcomparativeinformationforrankingthetearingresistanceofplasticspecimensofsimilarcomposition.Actualuseperformanceintearingofsomeplasticsmaynotnecessarilycorrelatewithdatafromthistestmethod.Theresistancetotearofplasticfilmandsheeting,whilepartlydependentuponthickness,hasnosimplecorrelationwithspecimenthickness.Hence,tearingforcesmeasuredinnewtons(orpounds-force)cannotbenormalizedoverawiderangeofspecimenthicknesswithoutproducingmisleadingdataastotheactualtearingresistanceofthematerial.Datafromthistestmethodarecomparableonlyfromspecimens,whichvarybynomorethanx00B1;10%fromthenominaloraveragethicknessofallspecimenstested.Therefore,thetearingresistanceisexpressedinmaximumnewtons(orpounds-force)offorcetotearthespecimen.Thetearresistanceofplasticfilmmaybeaspecificationthatrequirestheuseofthistestmethod,butwithsomeproceduralmodificationsthattakeprecedencewhenadheringtothespecification.Therefore,itisadvisabletorefertothatmaterialspecificationbeforeusingthistestmethod.Table1ofClassificationSystemD4000liststheASTMmaterialsstandardsthatcurrentlyexist.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthetearresistanceofflexibleplasticfilmandsheetingatverylowratesofloading,51mm(2in.)/min.andisdesignedtomeasuretheforcetoinitiatetearing.Thespecimengeometryofthistestmethodproducesastressconcentrationinasmallareaofthespecimen.Themaximumstress,usuallyfoundneartheonsetoftearing,isrecordedasthetearresistanceinnewtons(orpounds-force).Themethodisnotapplicableforfilmorsheetingmaterialwherebrittlefailuresoccurduringtestingorwheremaximumextensionisgreaterthan101.6mm(4in.).Note18212;Filmhasbeenarbitrarilydefinedassheetinghavingnominalthicknessnotgreaterthan0.25mm(0.010in.).1.2Constant-Rate-of-GripSeparationTest8212;Thistestmethodemploysaconstantrateofseparationofthegripsholdingthetestspecimen.1.2.1Specimenextensionmaybemeasuredinthistestmethodbygripseparation.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareprovidedforinformationonly.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Note28212;ThereisnosimilarorequivalentISOstandard.
【中国标准分类号】:G33
【国际标准分类号】:83_140_10
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Electricgenerators
【原文标准名称】:发电机
【标准号】:UL1004-4-2008
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008-09-15
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国保险商实验所(US-UL)
【起草单位】:UL
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:交流电流;交流发电机;直流电流;直流发电机;发电机;电动机;发电;性能要求;旋转电机;安全;短路试验;规范(验收);测试;电压测量
【英文主题词】:Alternatingcurrent;Alternating-currentgenerators;Directcurrent;Direct-currentgenerators;Electricgenerators;Electricmotors;Electricpowergeneration;Generators;Performancerequirements;Rotatingelectricmachines;Rotatingelectricalmachinery;Safety;Shortingtests;Specification(approval);Testing;Voltagemeasurement
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:K20
【国际标准分类号】:29_160_20
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语